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"Xcel Model Wind and Solar PPA, Model Semi-Dispatchable PPA and Semi-Dispatchable RFP"
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Xcel Energy has released their new Model Power Purchase Agreement for Wind and Solar Generators, their Model Power Purchase Agreement for Semi-Dispatchable Renewable Resources and the Request for Proposals for Semi-Dispatchable Renewable Resources.
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News and Events
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2013 Assessment of Demand Response and Advanced Metering: Staff Report
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This is the 8th annual report from the United States Department of Energy’s Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC) on demand response and advanced metering in the United States, based on publicly available information and interviews with market participants and industry partners. The assessment reviews penetration rates of advanced metering and communications technologies; existing demand response and time-based rate programs; annual resource contributions from demand resources; the potential for demand response as a quantifiable, reliable resource for regional planning; steps that have been taken in regional transmission planning and operations to ensure demand resources are provided equitable treatment as a quantifiable, reliable resource; and regulatory barriers to improved customer participation in demand response programs.
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Demand Response and Storage
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Demand Response and Storage Folder
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An Overview of Behind-the-Meter Solar-Plus-Storage Program Design: With Considerations for India
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This report has been prepared by the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) with support from the U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID) for discussion purposes with a broad range of stakeholders to find ways to regulate and facilitate DPV-plus-storage systems in India.
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An Overview of Behind-The-Meter Solar-Plus-Storage Regulatory Design - Approaches and Case Studies to Inform International Applications
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How should regulators, utilities, and policymakers manage the range of challenges and opportunities that increased behind-the-meter energy storage deployment will bring to the power system, in particular when these systems are paired with DPV?
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Co-optimizing Energy and Ancillary Services from Energy Limited Hydro and Pumped Storage Plants
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This document explores the benefits of expanding co-optimization of energy and ancillary services to hydropower. The author builds off of practices currently enacted for conventional generators and demonstrates that co-optimization improves the economics of hydropower plants.
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Flexible Generation
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Flexible Generation folder
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Distributed Solar PV for Electricity System Resiliency: Policy and Regulatory Considerations
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DPV can be designed to supply electricity during grid outages. This paper presents approaches that specifically support resiliency through design of PV systems utilizing community energy storage, solar-diesel hybrid systems, and micro-grids. The paper also considers policies and regulations to support resiliency.
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Grid Planning, Integration, & Operations
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Grid Planning, Integration, & Operations folder
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Distributed Solar PV for Electricity System Resiliency: Policy and Regulatory Considerations
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To enable distributed PV that can supply electricity during grid outages, this paper presents approaches specifically to support resiliency through design of PV systems utilizing storage technologies, community energy storage, solar-diesel hybrid systems, and micro-grids. The paper also considers policies and regulations to support distributed PV that contributes to resiliency.
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Distributed Generation
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Distributed Generation folder
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Emerging Issues and Challenges in Integrating Solar with the Distribution System
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As part of the U.S. SunShot Initiative—aiming to make PV electricity cost-competitive with conventional generation by 2020—this report analyzes the impact of high-penetration variable generation on the distribution grid, it demonstrates that in most cases DG can be safely integrated at much higher levels than interconnection standards allow. By streamlining interconnection processes, deploying advanced inverter functionalities, and coordinating DGPV, upwards of 350 GW can be hosted on the U.S. grid with little additional hardware. The report also outlines challenges to interconnection such as voltage regulation, power flow, and protection issues. It then studies the role of storage and complementary technologies to overcome reliability constraints. This research is applicable outside of the U.S. in demonstrating how to maximize an existing grid for DG.
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Grid Planning, Integration, & Operations
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Grid Planning, Integration, & Operations folder
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Energy Storage
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Energy storage refers to technologies capable of storing electricity generated at one time for later use. These technologies can store energy in a variety of forms including as electrical, mechanical, electrochemical or thermal energy. Storage is an important resource that can provide system flexibility and better align the supply of variable renewable energy with demand by shifting the timing of energy supply and demand.
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Energy Storage in South Asia: Understanding the Role of Grid Connected Energy Storage in South Asia’s Power Sector Transformation
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Energy storage can provide many grid benefits, including flexibility. This study provides a first-of-its-kind assessment of cost-effective opportunities for grid-scale energy storage deployment in South Asia.
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